Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) - Swaziland (2003)

Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) z Swaziland (2003)

	British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)	Swaziland (2003)

Administrative divisions	-	4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 41.4% (male 242,762; female 238,141) 15-64 years: 55.1% (male 317,526; female 321,709) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 18,040; female 23,041) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep
Airports	1 (2001)	18 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 10 (2002)
Area	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago	total: 17,363 sq km land: 17,203 sq km water: 160 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.	Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted 1968. Student and labor unrest during the 1990s have pressured the monarchy (one of the oldest on the continent) to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy.
Birth rate	-	29.37 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $448 million expenditures: $506.9 million, including capital expenditures of $147 million (FY 01/02)
Capital	-	Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative capital
Climate	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds	varies from tropical to near temperate
Coastline	698 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	-	none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been accepted
Country name	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT	conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland conventional short form: Swaziland
Currency	-	lilangeni (SZL)
Death rate	-	21.08 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	-	$320 million (2002 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador James D. McGEE embassy: Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane mailing address: P. O. Box 199, Mbabane telephone: [268] 404-6441 through 404-6445 FAX: [268] 404-5959
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Madzandza KANYA chancery: 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6683 FAX: [1] (202) 244-8059
Disputes - international	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$104 million (2001)
Economy - overview	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.	In this small, landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies more than 80% of the population. The manufacturing sector has diversified since the mid-1980s. Sugar and wood pulp remain important foreign exchange earners. Mining has declined in importance in recent years with only coal and quarry stone mines remaining active. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends more than two-thirds of its exports. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign investment. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. More than one-fourth of the population needed emergency food aid in 2002 because of drought, and more than one-third of the adult population was infected by HIV/AIDS.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	962.9 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	639 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2001)
Electricity - production	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military	348.3 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 58% hydro: 42% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m	lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited supplies of potable water; wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting; overgrazing; soil degradation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Desertification, Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	-	African 97%, European 3%
Exchange rates	-	emalangeni per US dollar - 10.54 (2002), 8.61 (2001), 6.94 (2000), 6.11 (1999), 5.53 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch	chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Themba DLAMINI (since 14 November 2003) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch
Exports	-	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit
Exports - partners	-	South Africa 72%, EU 14.2%, Mozambique 3.7%, US 3.5%, UK (1999)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag	three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $5.542 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 17% industry: 44% services: 39% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	1.6% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	6 00 S, 71 30 E	26 30 S, 31 30 E
Geography - note	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility	landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa
Highways	total: NA km paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km	total: 3,247 km paved: NA unpaved: NA (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 50.2% (1995)
Imports	-	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners	-	South Africa 88.8%, EU 5.6%, Japan 0.6%, Singapore 0.4% (1999)
Independence	-	6 September 1968 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	3.7% (FY 95/96)
Industries	-	mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textile and apparel
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 67.44 deaths/1,000 live births male: 70.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	11.8% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	-	ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	5 (2002)
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	690 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	-	High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the monarch
Labor force	-	383,200 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	-	NA
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 535 km border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km
Land use	arable land: NEGL permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 9.77% permanent crops: 0.7% other: 89.53% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts and Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	-	bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an advisory body, consists of the Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: House of Assembly - last held 18 October 2003 (next to be held NA October 2008) election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are nominated by the local council of each constituency and for each constituency the three candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are narrowed to a single winner by a second round
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 39.47 years male: 41.02 years female: 37.87 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 81.6% male: 82.6% female: 80.8% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia	Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa
Map references	Political Map of the World	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM	none (landlocked)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016	-
Military branches	-	Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (Army), Royal Swaziland Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$20 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	4.75% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 284,530 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 165,005 (2003 est.)
National holiday	-	Independence Day, 6 September (1968)
Nationality	-	noun: Swazi(s) adjective: Swazi
Natural hazards	NA	drought
Natural resources	coconuts, fish, sugarcane	asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite, hydropower, forests, small gold and diamond deposits, quarry stone, and talc
Net migration rate	-	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	political parties are banned by the constitution - the following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo National Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]; Swaziland National Front or SWANAFRO [Elmond SHONGWE, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2002 est.)	1,161,219 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	40% (1995)
Population growth rate	-	0.83% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Diego Garcia	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2001)
Radios	NA	-
Railways	-	total: 301 km narrow gauge: 301 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)
Religions	-	Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age
Telephone system	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)	general assessment: a somewhat modern but not an advanced system domestic: system consists of carrier-equipped, open-wire lines and low-capacity, microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	38,500 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	45,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)
Terrain	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)	mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains
Total fertility rate	-	3.92 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	34% (2000 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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